A tribal homeland was established in 1901, the Santa Ynez Reservation. The Chumash survived, however, and thousands of Chumash descendants still live in the Santa Barbara area or surrounding counties. Other missions in Santa Barbara County are located in Santa Ynez and Lompoc.Įuropean contacts had devastating effects on the Chumash people, including a series of disease epidemics that drastically reduced Chumash population. The presidio and mission kept Vizcaino's denomination, as did the later city and county – a common practice which has preserved the names of many of the 21 California Missions. The Presidio of Santa Barbara was established in 1782 (4th of 5 in California), followed by Mission Santa Barbara in 1786 – both in what is now the city of Santa Barbara. Mission Santa Barbara from Mission Park, Santa Barbara The DeAnza expeditions of 1774-76 followed Portola's trail. That same year, a second expedition to Monterey again passed through the area. The party traveled the same route on the return to San Diego in January 1770. The first land expedition to explore California, led by Gaspar de Portolà explored the coastal area in 1769, on its way to Monterey Bay. Spanish ships associated with the Manila Galleon trade probably made emergency stops along the coast during the next 167 years, but no permanent settlements were established. The Santa Barbara Channel received its name from Spanish explorer Sebastián Vizcaíno when he sailed along the California coast in 1602 his ships entered the channel on December 4, the day of the feast of Santa Barbara. For thousands of years, the area was home to the Chumash tribe of Native Americans, complex hunter-gatherers who lived along the coast and in interior valleys leaving rock art in many locations, including Painted Cave.Įuropeans first contacted the Chumash in AD 1542, when three Spanish ships under the command of Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo explored the area. Evidence for a Paleoindian presence has been found in the form of a fluted Clovis-like point found in the 1980s along the western Santa Barbara Coast, as well as the remains of Arlington Springs Man found on Santa Rosa Island in the 1960s. ![]() The Santa Barbara County area, including the Northern Channel Islands, was first settled by Native Americans at least 13,000 years ago.
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